Before the First World War, fascism was nowhere to be found on the political spectrum. In 1919, Benito Mussolini, formerly a socialist, found what the world would later call fascism. These ideas would spread across Europe in the decades after Word War One, but being most successful in first Italy, then Germany. Fascism was obviously a product of the conditions in Europe following the war, never before had the world seen such a chaotic economic structure. ... Because of this, it is only understandable that a great deal of the success of fascism lies in its leaders, Mussolini in Italy, and Hitler in Germany. ... Mussolini charmed the people of Italy with promises of Roman glory, using his commanding presence, as well as the Lateran Treaty signed by Pope Pius XI, to concrete his position as the Italian ‘Duce’. ...
Although Hitler was a fascist, and is often associated with the core ideas of fascism, it was Mussolini who was the first to adopt its principles and put them into place in Italy. ... Italy was in post-war depression when Mussolini came to power, the people’s desperate situation led them to accept a government that probably wouldn’t have gained a political foothold in better days. Germany’s Weimar Republic, a product of the hated Versailles Treaty, was weak to begin with.
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