There are various definitions of Psychology. ‘Psychology is the scientific study of behaviour and mental process’ (Atkinson 1990). ‘Psychology is the science of mental life’ (William James 1890).
Psychology itself originated from the early religions and philosophies. ... It was Wundt’s recording and measuring of his results that began the separation of psychology the science from psychology the philosophy. ... They have split into several approaches, some of which are scientific while others are subjective. Each approach has a differing viewpoint on psychology and what factors impact our thinking, feelings and behaviour. These approaches are behavioural, psychodynamic, cognitive, humanistic and physiological. ... ‘For the behaviourist, psychology is the division of natural science which takes human behaviour – the doings and sayings, both learned and unlearned – as it subject matter’ (Watson 1919). ... The approach as a whole therefore has not had as much success as approaches such as humanistic and cognitive psychology that consider the unique perceptions, thinking and behaviour patterns of their subjects. ...
Psychodynamic
Psychodynamic psychology argues that a person’s behaviour, thoughts and feelings are the result of constant and often unconscious struggles within the mind. ...
Cognitive
Cognition means knowing, cognitive psychology refers to all the ways, in which knowledge of the world is attained, retained and used and is known as the information processing approach. ...
Ulrick Neisser (1961) came up with the term cognitive psychology in his studies of attention, memory and problem solving, he was not however the first cognitive psychologist.
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