Introduction
Before we can begin, we must first answer the question, ‘What is Psychology? ... Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Most of the experts have agreed that it was Aristotle who was a great contributor to this divine subject because he “touched” on almost all aspects of psychology.
While another man, Wilhelm Wundt was the “father of psychology”. He branded such a name because it is said that he established psychology as a field of scientific studies independent from philosophy.
Late 19th Century Psychology
Psychology had its origins through a number of “schools” of psychology. These schools gave way to psychology today, that is, all our theories are bound to them. These schools are as follows:-
Structuralism
Functionalism
Gestalt
Psychoanalysis
Behaviorism
These are the old schools of psychology that half of the founders in their respective field did not agreed with one another. ... He did psychology and philosophy because he disliked dealing with patients. ... The school of psychology was founded by Wundt and his students. ... James was given a MD degree from Harvard University but he did not practice medicine because it was not challenging intellectually, instead he decided to teach first physiology, then philosophy and finally psychology all at Harvard. James became a giant in psychology especially after his book “Principles of Psychology”.
A major figure was James in the development of psychology in the United States and his main attention was on the connection between conscious experience and behavior. ... They also helped build the American psychology. ...
What is Gestalt psychology? ... Although Functionalism was dominant at the time, he believed that if psychology was to be a natural science likes physics or chemistry, it must be limited to just that- observable, measurable events, that meaning behavior alone, hence we answer the question What is Behaviorism? ... This is why behaviorists define psychology as the scientific study of behavior not behavior and mental processes. ... He was seventy-nine when he was awarded a gold medal from the APA for his work with psychology but tragically he died the following year. ... Functionalism
Structuralism was based on the view that the task of psychology is to examine consciousness into its crucial elements and inspect how these elements are related while functionalism stated that it is based on the belief that psychology should investigate the function or purpose of consciousness, rather than its structure.
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