braveheart
Sacrament- church rituals:baptism,penance,eucharist,confirmation,matrimony,anointing of the sick, and holy orders. Abbot- monastery head Abbes- nuns Cardinal- high church officials in Rome ranking directly below the pope. Lay Investiture- a practice in which secular rulers gave the symbols of the office to the bishops they had appointed. Heresy- the denial of basic church teachings. Excommunication- expulsion from the Church. Friar- Wandering preachers. 2.Identify. Benedict- Founded the monastery at Monte Cassino in Italy. Drew up a list of rules that provided for manual work, meditation, and prayer. Gregory I- He adopted the Benedictine Rule it to spread Christianity in Europe. By mind-1000s, most western Europeans had become Catholics. Gregory VII- In AD 1073 the cardinals elected a reform-minded monk named Hildebrand as Pope Gregory VII. He believed the pope should have complete jurisdiction over all church officials. Innocent III-One of the most powerful popes, he convened a council that condemned drunkenness, feasting, and dancing among the clergry. The council also laid down strict rules for stopping the spread of heresy. Francis of Assisi- Founded the Francisian friars about 1210, Him and his followers sought to follow the simple life of Jesus and his disciples. Dominic- A Spanish priest who organized the Dominican friars who also lived a life of poverty, simplicity, and service. 3.Explain. The Church basically shaped what the middle ages were. The church was the center of most of the people lives. So what ever happened to or within the church reflected back over the whole society. Also the Church converted most of Western Europe to Catholics. It not only was spiritual, but the decline of Rome in the 400s led the Church to assume many political and social tasks. This shows how the Church was the main link between the Ancient World and the Middle Ages. 4.Synthesizing Information. The famine, oh the famine. God has sent down his mighty wrath because of the idiot. Samsonite, how could he set bad luck upon us. Isn’t he smart enough o know that you never look at the moon over your left shoulder why walking under a ladder right in front of a black cat?!?! That’s incredible bad luck. Now this is what we get this horrible famine. God have mercy on us now. That Samsonite is also practices heresy he tells people that god isn’t real and its all a made up. Now look at what he has cause, I should go turn him in right now for heresy that will teach him. 5.Uniformity. They were pretty effect in trying to make all of Western Europeans believe and practice one faith. Gregory I, sent monks to England in 597 where they converted the Anglo-Saxons to Catholicism. From England, missionaries carried Christianity to northern Germany. During the 600s, monasteries in Ireland sent missionaries throughout the North Atlantic and western Europe. The missionaries won many converts in Ireland and by mid 1000s most of western Europeans had become Catholics. p.314 Rev Facts 1-9 1.History-List the invading groups that attacked the Carolingian Empire. Muslims Slavs Magyars The Vikings 2.History- Describe the major characteristics of feudalism and manorialism. Feudalism was a highly decentralized form of government that’s stressed alliances of mutual protection between monarchs and nobles of varying degrees of power. The system was based on giving land to nobles in exchange for loyalty and military aid. Manorialism was a system of agricultural production, it provided lords and peasants with food, shelter, and protection.