... Following the mixture of the three compounds, using different techniques, each compound will be separated back out.
All three of the compounds used in this experiment are relatively non-polar. To dissolve them ether, a non-polar compound is added to the mixture. ... Once all three compounds are dissolved in the ether, the basic component is removed by adding hydrochloric acid. The hydrochloric acid causes the basic component to ionize and dissolve in water, and separate from the ether. ...
Figure 1
Reaction between the basic component Ethyl-4-aminobenzoate and Hydrochloric Acid. ...
Once the basic component is removed from the solution is isolated in a flask, cooled, and eventually precipitated out.
Separation of the acidic component is similar to the separation of the basic component. ...
Figure 2
Reaction between the acidic component Benzoic Acid and Sodium Hydroxide. ...
At this point, the neutral component is the only element to the mixture that is remaining. ...
Experimental Methods
(1) Prepare the mixture: Accurately weigh 45 – 55 mg of each of the three compounds; Benzoic Acid, Ethyl 4-aminbenzoate and 9-Fluorenone. ... Add these three compounds to a 15-mL centrifuge tube containing approximately 4-mL of diethyl ether. ... Keep the tube stoppered with a cork (NOT A RUBBER STOPPER)
(2) Separation of the Basic Component: Cool the centrifuge tube in an ice bath (3 – 5 minutes). ... This mixing is critical: if not properly mixed the hydrochloric acid will not extract the basic component. ... Using a Pasteur filter pipet, transfer the aqueous layer to a labeled (Basic Component) 10-mL Erlenmeyer flask. ... 0 M hydrochloric Acid to the ether contents in the centrifuge tube, thoroughly mix the contents, allow the layer to separate and transfer the aqueous layer to the flask labeled Basic Component. ...
(3) Isolation of the Base as a solid: Cool the flask containing the Basic Component in and ice bath. ...
(4) Separation of the Acidic Component: Cool the centrifuge tube in an ice bath (3 – 5 minutes). ... This mixing is critical: if not properly mixed the sodium hydroxide will not extract the basic aqueous layer to a labeled (Acidic Component) 10-mL Erlenmeyer flask.
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