The Odyssey
The Odyssey, by Homer, is a classical piece of Greek literature. It is an epic poem written over 2500 years ago. The story is of Odysseus, king of Ithaca, and his misfortunes as he journeys home after fighting in the Trojan War. There are several themes found throughout the story, which include Odysseus? journey into the Land of the Dead and his rebirth when he leaves the underworld. Another deals with the loyalty between a husband and wife, and a third deals with the value of life. Book 11 of The Odyssey, begins with Odysseus and his men journeying to the Land of the Dead. Odysseus must speak with the prophet Teiresias to hear the visions for his journey home and his future. While in the underworld, Odysseus is able to communicate with the dead and also witness the punishment of sinners. The first theme found in Book 11 deals with Odysseus? journey into death and his rebirth. In the Land of the Dead Odysseus is surprised to see the ghosts of his mother, comrades, and Trojan War heroes. He follows the instructions given to him by the goddess enchantress, Kirke, which include making sacrifices and offerings to the underworld spirits. The blood from the sacrificed animals attracts the spirits. Drinking the blood revitalizes the dead and allows them to communicate. As they approach Odysseus, he holds them off until he has a chance to speak with Teiresias, the blind prophet who would foretell his future.