Actor Eddie Murphy is transformed into the overweight Professor Klump in The Nutty Professor, actor Bill Forsythe's face is transformed into Flattop in Dick Tracy, and actor Robert Deniro's entire body is made-up to resemble different body parts sewn together for his portrayal of the monster in the 90's version of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. All of these actors and many others from many other movies were transformed by make-up effects artists. Make-up artistry is among the oldest special effects techniques. Making-up an actor means altering that actor's physical appearance in order to transform the actor into a different character. This can mean applying anything from conventional make-up or paint on the actor's body to the addition of prosthetic, or false, parts. These prosthetic parts are commonly referred to as appliances. One very common appliance is called a life mask. It is a foam-latex mask cut into several pieces that form-fit an actor's face and are precisely glued onto the actor's face. Because it is composed of different pieces, it looks very realistic and natural and makes it very difficult to detect that it is even a mask.
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