Lawrence Kohlberg conducted research on moral development, using surveys as his major source of assessment. He presented surveys with moral dilemmas and asked his subjects to evaluate the moral conflict. In developing his theory, he made an intensive study using the same survey techniques of the bases on which children and youths of various ages make moral decisions. He found that moral growth also begins early in life and proceeds in stages throughout adulthood and beyond which is until the day we die. Influenced by Piagets concept of stages, Kohlbergs theory was created based on the idea that stages of moral development build on each other in order of importance and significance to the person. On the basis of his research, Kohlberg identified six stages of moral reasoning grouped into three major levels. Each level represented a fundamental shift in the social-moral perspective of the individual. At the first level, the preconventional level, concrete, individual perspective characterizes a person’s moral judgments. ... At Stage 2 there is the early emergence of moral reciprocity. ... This is the member of society perspective in which one is moral by fulfilling the actual duties defining ones social responsibilities. ... In essence this last level of moral judgment evokes reasoning rooted in the ethical fairness principles from which moral laws would be devised.
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