Management
... Mintzberg’s and Fayol’s ideas can help to understand Sam’s morning, through the rational-functional perspective, together with Fayol’s four main management functions; and the social-reality perspective, with Mintzberg’s ten management roles. The rational-functional perspective, as described by Robbins et al (2003), is a systematic procedure which is able to be separated into various principles and functions, related to management. Fayol’s idea of the four main management functions is based on this rational-functional view. Management, as described by Bartol et al (1995) is expressed as achieving organisational goals by the way of a process, using the four main management functions, which are thought to be the basis of any organisation. Robbins and Mukerji (1994), claim that Henri Fayol determined that all managers carry out the four management functions, which are Planning, Organising, Leading and Controlling. ... Davidson and Griffin (2000), claim that the four main management functions do not occur in a tidy, step by step fashion. ... The social-reality perspective of management is where the manager strives to get the most from employees in certain conditions by engaging in a method of using their position of power within the organisation. ... Mintzberg’s famous management roles are relevant to this social-reality perspective. The ten management roles come under three categories. ... What managers actually do, that is, the tasks they carry out, come under one of the ten management roles. Cole (2001) describes the management roles as parts or functions acted out, when a given situation requires. ... That is, not all managers perform all ten management roles and it can depend on what level the manager is at, whether they are top level managers, middle level, or first-line level managers. Where Sam’s morning is considered, she did carry out some of the management roles, however not all the roles outlined by Mintzberg. ... The final management role Sam performed was that of the Resource Allocator, by deciding which staff members would receive time off and which ones wouldn’t.