child development problems do to day care
... This paper looks at child cognitive development and child adjustment and attempts to summarize the research showing that children and adolescents frequently are not negatively affected by having a working mother from infancy through adolescence. Cognitive development is the development of the thinking and organizing systems of the brain. It involves language, mental imagery, thinking, reasoning, problem solving, and memory development (Mead Johnson & Company, 1998). Often times, it is measured in the forms of achievement and IQ tests which measures how well the child performs. ... One reason for this may be because of the difficulty in testing infant cognitive development. Although there is little research in testing infant cognitive development, there has been research performed on studying how the infants are affected later in life. ... So, although there is little research to conclude whether or not infants are adversely affected by having a working mother, some research does suggest that by having a working mother during infancy does not have a negative effect on the child later on in his life. Unlike research studying infant cognitive development, there have been studies performed on how a mother’s employment affects how a preschooler develops cognitively. Findings on whether mother’s employment status affects a child’s cognitive development are mixed although the studies tend to suggest that there is no relationship. ... Despite this, there are many other studies that suggest there is no relationship between a mother’s employment status and the child’s cognitive development (Desai, Chase-Lansdale, & Michael, 1989). ... Although there are some discrepancies in the findings, a majority of the findings suggest that having a working mother does not negatively affect the child’s cognitive development. Like preschoolers, recent studies of elementary school children generally have found that maternal employment is unrelated to cognitive development. In a study which measured seventh grade students, the results showed no relationship between the mother’s employment and the child’s grade point average achieved in grades 1 through 6, reading achievement, absenteeism, or school conduct (Williamson, 1970). This was reinforced by a study performed by Elizabeth Harvey in 1999 which studied four different age groups including children from the ages 7 to 9 which included 3,203 children, and measured the cognitive development of the children by using the PPVT-R which is widely used to test receptive language.